Some ideas why Chinese can learn certain mathematics concepts efficiently
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1. Counting

   In Chinese, we have one character and one sound for each word.
   In particular, one, two .... ten correspond to 1, 2, ..., 10;
   ten-one, ....., ten-nine, two-tens correspond to 11, ..., 20;
   two-ten-one, .... three-tens correspond to 21, ..., 30;
    ....
   Extremely well-structured, and good correspondence with 
   the Arabic numerals.

   In English, 1 - 20 have 20 names, then 21-30, 31-40, ...
   have ten numbers in a group. Much more difficult for beginners.

2. Abstraction

   In Chinese, we have one character and one sound for each word.
   There are not much rules in building up a word (using sound or
   parts). So, one have to learn remember and make connection
   between word and meaning. (Learning the abstract definition,
   and making correspondence). This pattern of learning may help
   studying advanced mathematics.
   
3. Geometry

   In Chinese, a character may have only one stroke (e.g., the word
   "one", or many strokes (e.g., the word "dragon").
   But one has to fit them in a square space of the same size.
   So, one has to learn how to use the space. This may affect 
   the geometrical thinking.

4. Combinatorics

   Older and younger brothers and sisters all have different names.
   Grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins from mother and father sides 
   have different names. 

   This help build the concept of trees, relations, and associate abstract 
   names to people.

5. Multiplication

   Chinese poems is very well structured. It has 3 words, (3 characters
   in each sentence), 4 words, 5 words, 7 words, pattern. It may have 4 
   sentences, 8 sentences each poem.  This may help learn multiplication 
   pattern.


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Weakness

Chinese has no quarters in their currency. Hard to multiply 25.

Chinese translate "rational numbers" as "rational numbers" 
     instead of "ratio-nal numbers". Causing confusion.
     Even worse, there is no way to explain the real meaning
     of "ratio-nal numbers" as in English.

Chinese translate "right angle" as "straight angle", does not
     make much sense. But neither does "right angle", and it
     will not cause confustion such as "left angle" or
     "wrong angle".